Peritoneal dialysis is a type of renal replacement therapy that is used to treat patients with end-stage renal disease. This procedure involves using the peritoneal membrane in the abdomen as a filter to remove waste products and excess fluid from the body. A dialysis solution is infused into the peritoneal cavity through a catheter, and waste products are exchanged through the membrane into the solution, which is then drained out of the body. Peritoneal dialysis can be done at home or in a clinical setting and offers more flexibility and independence compared to hemodialysis. Research in this area focuses on improving the efficacy and safety of peritoneal dialysis, optimizing patient outcomes, and exploring new technologies and modalities for treatment.